SYSTEMATIC APPROACH OF SECONDARY HYPERTENSION IN PRIMARY HEALTH CARE

Abstract

Introduction: The high blood pressure due to a potentially correctable cause is called secondary hypertension. In hypertensive population, the prevalence of secondary hypertension is around 5 to 15%. Early diagnosis and treatment of secondary hypertension are important in decreasing cardiovascular risk. However, screening in all hypertensive patients is not cost effective.

Aim: To develop a tool to support the approach of secondary hypertension in primary health care.

Methodology: We conducted a literature review on the criteria for suspicion of secondary hypertension, main causes by age groups, and initial diagnosis approach in primary care.

Results: We develop a tool for quick and simple consultation by the Family Physician, in order to help in approach and management of these patients.

Conclusion: The assessment of secondary hypertension in the primary care should always be carried out based on a complete clinical history and physical examination, oriented by the most frequent causes by age groups. Guided by clinical suspicion, the family physician may initiate the initial diagnostic approach. If diagnosis requires specific technical knowledge/experience in the interpretation of data, the family physician can choose to referral hospital care.